In the year 1995 a separate Department of Indian Systems of Medicine and Homoeopathy known as (ISM&H) was set up to ensure the development and propagation of this system. The Department of ISM&H was re-named as the Department of AYUSH in November 2003. On 9th November, 2014, first time the Department of AYUSH has formed as a separate Ministry; known as Ministry of AYUSH.
AYUSH stands for Ayurveda, Yoga & Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, and Homoeopathy. Sowa Rigpa is recognized under IMCC Act, 1970 by the notification published in Gazette of India on 16th December, 2011.The main objective of National Ayush Mission (NAM) is to promote AYUSH system through cost effective services, strengthening of educational systems, facilitate the enforcement of quality control of Ayurveda, Siddha and Unani & Homoeopathy (ASU &H) drugs and sustainable availability of ASU & H raw-materials.
1.SYSTEMS
(i) Ayurveda:
The word ‘Ayurveda’ has derived out of fusion of two separate words- Áyu’ i.e. life and ‘veda’ i.e. knowledge. Thus in literal meaning Ayurveda is the science of life. Ayurveda is a classical system of preventive, promotive and curative healthcare originating from the Vedas documented around 5000 years ago and currently recognized and practiced in India and many countries in the world.
(ii) Unani:
Unani system of medicine is a comprehensive medical system, which provides preventive, promotive, curative and rehabilitative health care. The system is holistic in nature and takes into account the whole personality of an individual rather than taking a reductionist approach towards disease. The fundamentals, diagnosis and treatment modalities of the system are based on scientific principles. The basic framework of this system is based on the Hippocratic theory of four Humours, according to which any disturbance in the equilibrium of humours causes disease and therefore the treatment aims at restoring the humoral equilibrium. It is also taken into consideration for identifying the most suitable diet and lifestyle for promoting the health of a particular individual.
(iii) Siddha:
The Siddha System of medicine is one of the ancient systems of medicine in India having its close bed with Dravidian culture. The term Siddha means achievements and Siddhars are those who have achieved perfection in medicine. Eighteen Siddhars are said to have contributed towards the systematic development of this system and recorded their experiences in Tamil language.
The Siddha system of Medicine emphasizes on the patient, environment, age, sex, race, habits, mental frame work, habitat, diet, appetite, physical condition, physiological constitution of the diseases for its treatment which is individualistic in nature Diagnosis of diseases are done through examination of pulse, urine, eyes, study of voice, colour of body, tongue and status of the digestion of individual patients.
(iv)Yoga:
The word “Yoga” comes from the Sanskrit word “yuj” which means “to unite or integrate.” Yoga is about the union of a person’s own consciousness and the universal consciousness. The discipline of Yoga consists of eight components namely, restraint (Yama), observance of austerity (Niyama), physical postures (Asana), breathing control (Pranayam), restraining of sense organs (Pratyahar), contemplation (Dharna), meditation (Dhyan) and Deep meditation (Samadhi). These steps in the practice of Yoga have the potential to elevate social and personal behavior and to promote physical health by better circulation of oxygenated blood in the body, restraining the sense organs and thereby inducing tranquility and serenity of mind and spirit. The practice of Yoga has also been found to be useful in the prevention of certain psychosomatic diseases and improves individual resistance and ability to endure stressful situations. Yoga is a promotive, preventive rehabilitative and curative intervention for overall enhancement of health status. A number of postures are described in Yoga literature to improve health, to prevent diseases and to cure illness.
(v) Naturopathy:
Naturopathy is rooted in the healing wisdom of many cultures and times based on principal of natural healing. The principles and practices of Naturopathy are integrated in the life style, if the people observe living close to nature. Naturopathy is a cost effective drugless, non-invasive therapy involving the use of natural materials for health care and healthy living. It is based on the theories of vitality, boosting the self-healing capacity of the body and the principles of healthy living.
Naturopathy promotes healing by stimulating the body’s inherent power to regain health with the help of five elements of nature – Earth, Water, Air, Fire and Ether. It is a call to “Return to Nature” and to resort to a simple way of living in harmony with the self, society and environment. Naturopathy advocates ‘Better Health without Medicines’. It is reported to be effective in chronic, allergic autoimmune and stress related disorders. The theory and practice of Naturopathy are based on a holistic view point with particular attention to simple eating and living habits, adoption of purificatory measures, use of hydrotherapy, cold packs, mud packs, baths, massages, fasting etc.
(vi) Homoeopathy:
The word ‘Homoeopathy’ is derived from two Greek words, Homois meaning similar and pathos meaning suffering. Homoeopathy simply means treating diseases with drugs which are capable of producing symptoms similar to that of disease when taken by healthy people. It is based on the natural law of healing- “Similia Similibus Curantur” which means “likes are cured by likes”. This law was given by Dr. Samuel Hahnemann ( 1755-1843) in the early 19th century. Homoeopathy, serving suffering humanity for over two centuries and has withstood the upheavals of time and has emerged as a time tested therapy. Homoeopathy is well proven and continues to be followed with success even today.
(vii) Sowa Rigpa:
“Sowa-Rigpa” commonly known as Tibetan system of medicine is one of the oldest, Living and well documented medical tradition of the world. It has been originated from Tibet and popularly practice in India, Nepal, Bhutan, Mongolia and Russia. The majority of theory and practice of Sowa-Rigpa is similar to “Ayurveda”. The first Ayurvedic influence came to Tibet during 3rd century AD but it became popular only after 7th centuries with the approach of Buddhism to Tibet. There after this trend of exportation of Indian medical literature, along with Buddhism and other Indian art and sciences were continued till early 19th century. India being the birth place of Buddha and Buddhism has always been favorite place for learning Buddhist art and culture for Tibetan students; lots of Indian scholars were also invited to Tibet for prorogation of Buddhism and other Indian art and sciences. This long association with India had resulted in translation and preservation of thousands of Indian literature on various subjects like religion, sciences, arts, culture and language etc. in Tibetan language. Out of these around twenty-five text related to medicine are also preserved in both canonical and non-canonical forms of Tibetan literatures. Many of these knowledge were further enriched in Tibet with the knowledge and skills of neighboring countries and their own ethnic knowledge. “Sowa-Rigpa” (Science of healing) is one of the classic examples of it
VISION
- To provide cost effective and equitable AYUSH health care throughout the country by improving access to the services.
- To revitalize and strengthen the AYUSH systems making them as prominent medical streams in addressing the health care of the society.
- To improve educational institutions capable of imparting quality AYUSH education/
- To promote the adoption of Quality standards of AYUSH drugs and making available the sustained supply of AYUSH raw-materials.
OBJECTIVE
- To provide cost effective AYUSH Services, with a universal access through upgrading AYUSH Hospitals and Dispensaries, co-location of AYUSH facilities at Primary Health Centres (PHCs), Community Health Centres (CHCs) and District Hospitals (DHs).
- To strengthen institutional capacity at the state level through upgrading AYUSH educational institutions, State Govt. ASU&H Pharmacies, Drug Testing Laboratories and ASU & H enforcement mechanism.
- Support cultivation of medicinal plants by adopting Good Agricultural Practices (GAPs) so as to provide sustained supply of quality raw-materials and support certification mechanism for quality standards, Good Agricultural/Collection/Storage Practices.
- Support setting up of clusters through convergence of cultivation, warehousing, value addition and marketing and development of infrastructure for entrepreneurs.
GOVT. AYURVEDIC PHARMACY
The Govt. Ayurvedic Pharmacy was established in Directorate of Health Services Complex, Naharlagun under Centrally Sponsored Scheme for Quality Control of Ayurveda, Unani, Siddha and Homoeopathy in the year 2004-05 to manufacture Ayurvedic medicines, complying with the Good Manufacturing Process (GMP). The Govt. Ayurvedic Pharmacy would promote the treatment through Ayurveda by manufacturing Ayurvedic Medicines. The aim of Govt. Ayurvedic Pharmacy is to manufacture Quality classical Ayurvedic medicines which are mentioned in Essential drug list recommended by Ministry of AYUSH and commonly used by Ayurvedic practioners. The Govt. Ayurvedic Pharmacy aims to make availability of quality Ayurvedic medicines in Arunachal Pradesh and other North East State for both Public sector and Pvt. Sector.
In the year 2016, the Govt. has formed the AYUSH Drugs Manufacturing Cooperative Society Ltd. (ADMCSL) vide Notification No. Coop (Org) 175/2016 of dated 28th July 2016, under which the pharmacy is to be made functional in more effective way. At Present, ADMSL has been manufacturing 89 Ayurvedic Medicine listed in Essential Drugs List of National AYUSH Mission and has total turnover of Rs. 16.50 Lakhs during 2017-18.
GOVT. DRUGS TESTING LABORATORY
The Government of Arunachal Pradesh has established Drugs Testing Laboratory to ensure supply of good quality medicine to Government pharmacies, Hospital and primary Health centre. The statutory duty of Drugs Testing Laboratory is to test samples collected by Drug Inspectors appointed under section 33G of Drugs and Cosmetics Act 1940. As a Statutory body, the Laboratory distinguishes the massive challenges posed by low standard quality drugs, spurious and adulterated drugs by some manufacturers and dealers.
The Laboratory ensures the quality of drugs in terms of identity, purity and Strength of Ayruveda, Siddha, Unani and Indian Pharmacopeia.
AYUSH Facilities in Arunachal Pradesh
A.Homoeopathy Unit
| SL. NO. | NAME OF DISTRICT | NAME OF INSTITUTION |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | TAWANG | DH Tawang |
| CHC Jang | ||
| CHC Lumla | ||
| PHC Kitpi | ||
| 2 | WEST KAMENG | GH Bomdila |
| CHC Balukpong | ||
| 3 | EAST KAMENG | DH Seppa |
| CHC Seijosa | ||
| CHC Pakke Kessang | ||
| CHC Baliso | ||
| PHC Rilloh | ||
| 3 | PAPUM-PARE | TRIHMS,Naharlagun |
| DH,Doimukh | ||
| CHC Sagalee | ||
| CHC Balijan | ||
| PHC Basar-Nallo | ||
| PHC Chimpu | ||
| PHC Hollongi | ||
| PHC Jote | ||
| PHC,Lorputung | ||
| Raj Bhawan Dispensary | ||
| Itaport Dispensary | ||
| Urban Health Centre, Karsingsa | ||
| UHC Rakap Colony | ||
| 4 | KURUNG KUMEY | DH Koloriang |
| 5 | KRA-DAADI | DH Palin |
| PHC Yangte | ||
| CHC Pania | ||
| 6 | LOWER SUBANSIRI | GH Ziro |
| CHC Old Ziro | ||
| CHC Yazali | ||
| PHC Yachuli | ||
| 7 | KAMLE | CHC Murimugli |
| CHC Raga | ||
| PHC Boasimla | ||
| PHC Puchigeku | ||
| 8 | UPPER SUBANSIRI | DH Daporijo |
| CHC Taliha | ||
| CHC Dumporijo | ||
| CHC Maro | ||
| PHC Baririjo | ||
| 9 | WEST SIANG | GH Aalo |
| CHC Yomcha | ||
| CHC Liromoba | ||
| PHC Tato | ||
| PHC Monigoan | ||
| 10 | EAST SIANG | BEKIN PERTIN (T & R) G.H. PASIGHAT |
| CHC Ruksin | ||
| CHC Mebo | ||
| PHC Balek | ||
| PHC Borguli | ||
| PHC Rani | ||
| 11 | LOWER SIANG | CHC Basar |
| CHC Likabali | ||
| PHC Telam | ||
| 12 | UPPER SIANG | DH Yingkiong |
| CHC Tuting | ||
| CHC Geku | ||
| SIANG | CHC Boleng | |
| PHC Kaying | ||
| PHC Pessing | ||
| 14 | DIBANG VALLEY | DH Anini |
| 15 | LOWER DIBANG VALLEY | DH, Roing |
| CHC Koronu | ||
| PHC Bollung | ||
| PHC Iduli | ||
| PHC Parbuk | ||
| 16 | TIRAP | DH, Khonsa |
| CHC Deomali | ||
| PHC Laju | ||
| 17 | LONGDING | DH Longding |
| CHC Kanubari | ||
| 18 | LOHIT | GH, Tezu |
| 19 | NAMSAI | DH Namsai |
| CHC Mahadevpur | ||
| PHC New Mohan | ||
| PHC.Piyong | ||
| PHC Lathao | ||
| 20 | CHANGLANG | DH, Changlang |
| CHC Miao | ||
| CHC Jairampur | ||
| CHC-Bordumsa | ||
| CHC Diyum | ||
| PHC Nampong | ||
| PHC Namtok | ||
| PHC Innao | ||
| 21 | ANJAW | CHC Hawaii |
| CHC Hayuliang | ||
| PHC Chaglagam |
B.Ayurveda Unit
| SL. NO. | NAME OF DISTRICT | NAME OF INSTITUTION |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Tawang | DH Tawang |
| 2 | West kameng | CHC Dirang |
| 3 | East Kameng | CHC Seijosa |
| 4 | Papum Pare | TRIHMS |
| CHC Kimin | ||
| CHC Doimukh | ||
| PHC Chimpu | ||
| PHC Chiputa | ||
| PHC Jote | ||
| Rajbhawan Dispensaries | ||
| Itaport Dispensaries | ||
| 5 | Kurung Kumey | DH Koloriang |
| 6 | Lower Subansiri | GT GH-Ziro |
| CHC Yazali | ||
| 7 | East Siang | GH Pasighat |
| 8 | West Siang | GH Aalo |
| 8 | L/Debang valley | DH Roing |
| 10 | Longding | CHCPangchau. |
| CHC Kanubari | ||
| 11 | Lohit | GH Tezu, |
C.Sowa Rigpa Unit
| SL. NO. | NAME OF DISTRICT | NAME OF INSTITUTION |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Tawang | DH Tawang |
| 2 | West Kameng | CHC Dirang |
D.Unani Unit
| SL. NO. | NAME OF DISTRICT | NAME OF INSTITUTION |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | PAPUM-PARE | TRIHMS, Naharlagun |